Essentials of modern organic chemistry:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Reinhold [u.a.]
1965
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Reinhold chemistry textbook series
|
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 645 S. Ill. |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Bonner, William A. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Essentials of modern organic chemistry |c William A. Bonner ; Albert J. Castro |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Modern organic chemistry |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b Reinhold [u.a.] |c 1965 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 645 S. |b Ill. | ||
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| 490 | 0 | |a Reinhold chemistry textbook series | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Castro, Albert J. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804142627686187008 |
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| adam_text | ESSENTIALSOF
ORGANIC
WILLIAMABONNER
Professor of Chemistry
Stanford University
Stanford, California
i
Chapman and Hall Ltd , London
MODERN
CHEMISTRY
ALBERTJCASTRO
Professor of Chemistry
San Jose State College
San Jose, California
REINHOLDPUBLISHINGCORPORATION: New York
Contents
Preface IX
To the Student X I
1 Introduction: The Nature of Organic Chemistry
1-1 Historical Background and Contemporary Setting 1-2 The
Unique Chemical Character of Carbon 1-3 Sources and Transfor
mations of Organic Compounds
2 Some Basic Principles and Concepts 8
2-1 Organic Chemical Formulas 2-2 The Chemical Bond
2-3 Comparison of Organic and Inorganic Compounds 2-4 Princi
pal Series of Organic Compounds 2-5 Functional Groups
2-6 Homologous Series 2-7 Isomerism 2-8 Stereoisomerism and
Stereochemistry 2-9 Bond Energies 2-10 Isotopes of Carbon
3 Isolating and Purifying Organic Compounds 37
3-1 Extraction 3-2 Distillation 3-3 Sublimation 3-4 Crystal
lization 3-5 Chromatographic Methods 3-6 Ion Exchange
3-7 Criteria of Purity
4 Determining Molecular Structures 55
4-1 Elemental Analyses 4-2 Empirical and Molecular Formulas
4-3 Molecular Weight 4-4 Functional Groups 4-5 Degradative
Reactions 4-6 Interaction of Radiant Energy with Matter
4-7 Spectrometers 4-8 Infrared Spectrometry 4-9 Visible and
xiii
xiv Contents
Ultraviolet Spectrometry 4-10 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spec
trometry 4-11 Mass Spectrometry 4-12 X-Ray Diffraction
4-13 Confirmatory Synthesis
5 Resonance and Molecular Orbitals 85
5-1 Resonance 5-2 Molecular Orbitals 5-3 Orbital Hybridiza
tion
6 Organic Reactions and Their Intermediates 96
6-1 Types of Organic Reactions 6-2 Reaction Mechanisms and
Reaction Intermediates 6-3 Experimental Conditions and Reaction
Mechanisms 6-4 Some Aspects of Free Radicals 6-5 Lewis Acids
and Bases 6-6 Some Aspects of Carbonium Ions 6-7 Some As
pects of Carbanions 6-8 Energy Relations during Chemical Reac
tions
7 Hydrocarbons—Alkanes 119
7-1 Classes of Hydrocarbons 7-2 Nomenclature 7-3 Physical
Properties of Alkanes 7-4 Sources and Uses of Alkanes—The
Petroleum Industry 7-5 Synthesis of Alkanes 7-6 Reactions of
Alkanes
8 Hydrocarbons—Alkenes 143
8-1 Nomenclature 8-2 Sources and Physical Properties of Alkenes
8-3 Synthesis of Alkenes 8-4 Reactions of Alkenes 8-5 Dienes
and Polyenes
9 Hydrocarbons—Alkynes and Cycloalkanes 183
ALKYNES
9-1 Nomenclature and Physical Properties of Alkynes 9-2 Acety
lene and Naturally Occurring Alkynes 9-3 Synthesis of Alkynes
9-4 Reactions of Alkynes
CYCLOALKANES
9-5 Sources, Occurrence, and Uses of Cycloalkanes 9-6 Ring
Strain and Geometry of Cycloalkanes 9-7 Synthesis of Cyclo
alkanes 9-8 Reactions of Cycloalkanes
I Contents xv
10 Aromatic Hydrocarbons 215
10-1 Structure, Nomenclature, and Physical Properties of Aromatic
Hydrocarbons 10-2 Sources of Aromatic Compounds 10-3 Syn
thesis of Aromatic Compounds 10-4 Reactions of Aromatic Hydro
carbons 10-5 The Mechanism of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitu
tion 10-6 Polysubstitution; Orientation Effects in Electrophilic Sub
stitutions 10-7 Nucleophilic and Free Radical Aromatic Substitution
10-8 Structure of Benzene Derivatives 10-9 Non-Benzenoid Aro
matic Derivatives 10-10 Heterocyclic Compounds
ALCOHOLS
11-1 Nomenclature of Alcohols 11-2 Physical Properties and
Characterization of Alcohols 11-3 Hydrogen Bonding
11-4 Sources and Uses of Alcohols 11-5 Synthesis of Alcohols
11-6 Polyhydric Alcohols 11-7 Reactions of Alcohols 11-8 Re
actions of Clycols 11-9 Phenols
ORGANIC HALIDES
11-10 Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and Characterization of
Halides 11-11 Synthesis of Organic Halides 11-12 Reactions of
Organic Halides 11-13 Structure and Reactivity of Organic Halides
ETHERS
11-14 Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and Characterization of
Ethers 11-15 Occurrence and Uses of Ethers 11-16 Synthesis of
Ethers 11-17 Reactions of Ethers
SULFUR ANALOGS OF ALCOHOLS AND ETHERS
11-18 Mercaptans 11-19 Sulfides
12 Aldehydes and Ketones 298
12-1 Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones 12-2 Physical Prop
erties and Characterization of Aldehydes and Ketones 12-3 Syn
thesis of Aldehydes and Ketones 12-4 Synthesis of Aldehydes
12-5 Synthesis of Ketones 12-6 Industrial Synthesis of Aldehydes
and Ketones 12-7 Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones 12-8 a,(3-
Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones 12-9 Quinones 12-10 Tro-
polones 12-11 Epoxides
13 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives 344
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
13-1 Nomenclature and Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
! 13-2 Acidity of Carboxylic Acids 13-3 Synthesis of Carboxylic
Acids 13-4 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
11 Alcohols, Alkyl Halides, and Ethers 248
Jk
Contents
ACYL HALIDES
13-5 Preparation and Properties of Acyl Halides
CARBOXYLIC ACID ANHYDRIDES
13-6 Preparation and Properties of Carboxylic Acid Anhydrides
CARBOXYLIC ESTERS
13-7 Nomenclature and Physical Properties of Esters 13-8 Natural
Esters 13-9 Soaps and Detergents 13-10 Synthesis of Esters
13-11 Reactions of Esters
CARBOXAMIDES
13-12 Preparation and Properties of Carboxamides
NITRILES
13-13 Preparation and Properties of Nitriles
ORTHO ACIDS AND ESTERS
13-14 Organic Ortho Acids and Esters
HYDROXY ACIDS AND LACTONES
13-15 Hydroxy Acids and Lactones
DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS
13-16 Preparation, Propenies, and Uses of Dicarboxylic Acids
KETO ACIDS AND KETO ESTERS
13-17 Preparation and Properties of Keto Acids and Esters
13-18 Malonic and Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis
PEROXY ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES
13-19 Preparation and Uses of Peroxy Acids and Acyl Peroxides
SULFUR AND NITROGEN ANALOGS OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
13-20 Typical Sulfur and Nitrogen Analogs
SULFONIC ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
13-21 Preparation and Uses of Sulfonic Acids and Derivatives
ORGANIC OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTIONS
13-22 Balancing Organic Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
13-23 The Mechanism of Organic Oxidations
14 Organic Nitrogen Compounds 397
AMINES
14-1 Nomenclature of Amines 14-2 Structure of Ammonia and
Amines 14-3 Physical Pi operties of Amines 14-4 Basicity of
Amines 14-5 Characterization of Amines 14-6 General Synthesis
of Amines 14-7 Synthesis of Primary Amines 14-8 Synthesis of
Secondary Amines 14-9 Synthesis of Tertiary Amines 14-10 Re
actions of Amines
Contents xvii
QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS AND BASES
14-11 Preparation and Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Deriva
tives 14-12 Pyrolysis of Quaternary Ammonium Derivatives
14-13 A Problem in Structure Determination
NITRO COMPOUNDS
14-14 Nomenclature and Uses of Nitro Compounds 14-15 Struc
ture and Physical Properties of Nitro Compounds 14-16 Synthesis of
Nitrocompounds 14-17 Reactions of Aliphatic Nitro Compounds
14-18 Reactions of Aromatic Nitro Compounds
AROMATIC DIAZONIUM AND DIAZO COMPOUNDS
14-19 Formation of Diazonium Salts 14-20 Diazonium Salt Reac
tions with Loss of Nitrogen 14-21 Diazonium Salt Reactions with
Retention of Nitrogen 14-22 Dvestuffs
MISCELLANEOUS NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
14-23 Isonitriles and Related Compounds 14-24 Urea, Cyana-
mide, and Guanidine 14-25 Isocyanates and Related Products
15 Optical Isomerism
15-1 Plane Polarized Light 15-2 Optical Activity 15-3 The po-
larimeter; Optical Rotation 15-4 Optically Active Organic Com
pounds 15-5 The Cause of Optical Activity 15-6 Optical Activity
in Compounds with No Asymmetric Carbon Atom 15-7 Molecules
with Several Asymmetric Carbon Atoms 15-8 Resolution of Race-
mic Modifications 15-9 Formation of Racemic Modifications
15-10 Relative Configuration 15-11 Absolute Configuration
15-12 Mechanism and Stereochemistry of Substitution Reactions
15-13 Stereoselective Syntheses and Asymmetric Syntheses
15-14 Optical Rotatory Dispersion 15-15 The Origin of Optically
Active Compounds
16 Natural Products
CARBOHYDRATES
16-1 Classes and Properties of Carbohydrates 16-2 Structures of
Aldoses and Ketoses 16-3 Stereochemical Configurations of Aldoses
16-4 Determination of Carbohydrate Configurations 16-5 Ring
Structure of Sugars 16-6 Ring Size in Cyclic Sugars 16-7 Config
uration at the Anomeric Center 16-8 Reactions of Monosaccharides
16-9 Disaccharides 16-10 Structure Determination of Disaccha-
rides and Trisaccharides 16-11 Polysaccharides 16-12 Photosyn
thesis
xviii Contents
AMINO ACIDS
16-13 Nomenclature of Amino Acids 16-14 Essential Amino Acids
16-15 Zwitterion Structure ol Amino Acids 16-16 The Isoelectric
Point 16-17 Synthesis of Amino Acids 16-18 Reactions of Amino
Acids
PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES
16-19 Classification of Proteins 16-20 Some Properties of Proteins
16-21 Isolation and Purificat ion of Proteins 16-22 Molecular
Weights of Proteins 16-23 Determination of Protein Structures
16-24 Structure of Oxytocin 16-25 Conformation of Proteins
16-26 Synthesis of Peptides 16-27 Enzymes 16-28 Depsipeptides
NUCLEIC ACIDS AND NUCLEOTIDES
16-29 Components of Nucleic Acids 16-30 Structure of Nucleic
Acids 16-31 Function of Nucleic Acids
STEROIDS
16-32 Cholesterol and Other Sterols 16-33 Bile Acids 16-34 Sex
Hormones 16-35 Corticosteroids 16-36 Steroid Sapogenins
16-37 Cardiac Glycosides and Toad Poisons 16-38 Stereochemis
try of Steroids 16-39 Steroids in Medicine
ALKALOIDS
16-40 Extraction and Structure Elucidation of Alkaloids
16-41 Phenylalkylamine Derivatives 16-42 Pyrrolidine Derivatives
16-43 Piperidine Derivatives 16-44 Pyridine-Pyrrolidine and Pyri-
dine-Piperidine Derivatives 16-45 Alkaloids with Condensed Ring
Systems
TERPENES
16-46 The Isoprene Rule 16-47 Classification of Terpenes
16-48 Monoterpenes 16-49 Sesquiterpenes 16-50 Diterpenes
16-51 Triterpenes 16-52 l etraterpenes—The Carotenoids
16-53 Biogenesis of Natural Products
Questions 593
Index 635
|
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| spelling | Bonner, William A. Verfasser aut Essentials of modern organic chemistry William A. Bonner ; Albert J. Castro Modern organic chemistry New York [u.a.] Reinhold [u.a.] 1965 XVIII, 645 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Reinhold chemistry textbook series Castro, Albert J. Verfasser aut HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020081850&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bonner, William A. Castro, Albert J. Essentials of modern organic chemistry |
| title | Essentials of modern organic chemistry |
| title_alt | Modern organic chemistry |
| title_auth | Essentials of modern organic chemistry |
| title_exact_search | Essentials of modern organic chemistry |
| title_full | Essentials of modern organic chemistry William A. Bonner ; Albert J. Castro |
| title_fullStr | Essentials of modern organic chemistry William A. Bonner ; Albert J. Castro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Essentials of modern organic chemistry William A. Bonner ; Albert J. Castro |
| title_short | Essentials of modern organic chemistry |
| title_sort | essentials of modern organic chemistry |
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