Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2008
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. Ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | International Library of ethics, law, and the new medicine
40 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | VIII, 200 S. |
| ISBN: | 9781402086038 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
Main Abbreviations....................................................................................... xi
Note on the Text.............................................................................................. xiii
Introduction.................................................................................................... 1
1 Five Concepts of Competence................................................................. 9
Agency Competence.................................................................................. 10
Task Competence....................................................................................... 12
Decisional Competence............................................................................. 16
Risk-Relative (Asymmetrical) Competence......................................... 18
Decision-Relative Competence............................................................ 24
Societal Competence................................................................................. 28
Legal Competence..................................................................................... 31
First Sense of Legal Competence......................................................... 32
Second Sense of Legal Competence.................................................... 35
Third Sense of Legal Competence....................................................... 35
2 Consent, Vulnerability and Research..................................................... 39
Competence to Give Informed Consent.................................................... 39
Individual Autonomy................................................................................. 43
Why Biomedical Research ?.................................................................... 47
The Evolution of the Rights of Research Participants............................... 50
The Meaning of Vulnerability................................................................... 52
Cognitive Vulnerability and Consent to Biomedical Research................. 56
Why Conduct Biomedical Research with Cognitively
Vulnerable Groups?................................................................................... 62
3 Gewirth s Theory of Agency Rights....................................................... 67
The Argument to the PGC......................................................................... 68
The Methodology of the PGC................................................................... 72
Defining the Content of Agency Rights.................................................... 75
Resolving Conflicts of Rights Under the PGC.......................................... 77
Direct and Indirect Applications of the PGC............................................ 79
Consent and the PGC................................................................................. 82
An Evaluation of the PGC Against Two Alternative
Rationalist Ethical Theories...................................................................... 84
JohnRawls........................................................................................... 84
David Gauthier..................................................................................... 87
Summary.................................................................................................... 90
4 Proportionality, Precaution and Judgments
of Competence.......................................................................................... 93
The Principle of Proportionality................................................................ 94
Precautionary Reasoning........................................................................... 97
Ostensible Agents................................................................................. 98
Apparent Partial Agents....................................................................... 99
Ostensible Intermittent Agents............................................................. 100
Evidence of Agency and Duties of Protection........................................... 101
The Criterion of Avoidance of More Probable Harm................................ 103
Degrees of Displaying GCAb and Its Relationship
with Task and Decisional Competences.................................................... 105
Ostensible Agents................................................................................. 105
Ostensible Intermittent Agents............................................................. 106
Ostensible Intermittent Agents Who are Close to Having
the Capacities Needed to Be an Agent
in a Standing Fashion........................................................................... 107
Ostensible Intermittent Agents Who are Less Close
to Having the Capacities Needed to Be an Agent
in a Standing Fashion........................................................................... 108
Apparent Partial Agents....................................................................... 109
Summary.................................................................................................... 109
5 The Competences of Cognitively Vulnerable Groups........................... 111
Older Children and Adolescents................................................................ 112
Adults with Intellectual Disabilities.......................................................... 115
Adults with Depression............................................................................. 120
Adults with Schizophrenia........................................................................ 124
Adults with Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias........................... 129
Summary.................................................................................................... 135
6 Cognitive Vulnerability and Consent
to Biomedical Research........................................................................... 139
Decisional Competence and Supported Decision-Making........................ 140
Older Children and Adolescents................................................................ 143
Adults with Intellectual Disabilities.......................................................... 147
Adults with Depression............................................................................. 149
Adults with Schizophrenia........................................................................ 153
Adults with Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias........................... 158
Summary.................................................................................................... 163
7 Cognitive Vulnerability and Consent
to Biomedical Research in England and Wales..................................... 167
Three Approaches to Determining FPCLC............................................... 168
The Meaning of FPCLC Consent in England and Wales.......................... 169
Adults........................................................................................................ 170
Children..................................................................................................... 175
Problems Surrounding the Use of Capacity.............................................. 178
Towards Supported Decision-Making?..................................................... 180
The Significance of European Regulation of Capacity............................. 181
Ethical Guidance on Decisional Competence
in Biomedical Research in the UK............................................................ 184
Summary.................................................................................................... 188
8 Cognitive Vulnerability and Consent to Biomedical
Research in the United States................................................................. 189
The Meaning of Competence and Capacity
in the United States.................................................................................... 189
FederalLaw............................................................................................... 190
State Law................................................................................................... 194
Policy Documents on Decisional Competence.......................................... 201
President s Commission: Making Health Care
Decisions (1982)................................................................................... 201
Expert Panel Report to the National Institutes of Health:
Research Involving Individuais with Questionable
Capacity to Consent (1997).................................................................. 203
National Bioethics Advisory Commission: Research Involving
Persons with Mental Disorders That May Affect Decisionmaking
Capacity (1998).................................................................................... 205
NIH Policy and Guidelines on the Inclusion
of Children as Participants in Research Involving
Human Subjects (1998)........................................................................ 206
Summary.................................................................................................... 207
Conclusion...................................................................................................... 209
References....................................................................................................... 213
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Main Abbreviations. xi
Note on the Text. xiii
Introduction. 1
1 Five Concepts of Competence. 9
Agency Competence. 10
Task Competence. 12
Decisional Competence. 16
Risk-Relative (Asymmetrical) Competence. 18
Decision-Relative Competence. 24
Societal Competence. 28
Legal Competence. 31
First Sense of Legal Competence. 32
Second Sense of Legal Competence. 35
Third Sense of Legal Competence. 35
2 Consent, Vulnerability and Research. 39
Competence to Give Informed Consent. 39
Individual Autonomy. 43
Why Biomedical 'Research'?. 47
The Evolution of the Rights of Research Participants. 50
The Meaning of Vulnerability. 52
Cognitive Vulnerability and Consent to Biomedical Research. 56
Why Conduct Biomedical Research with Cognitively
Vulnerable Groups?. 62
3 Gewirth's Theory of Agency Rights. 67
The Argument to the PGC. 68
The Methodology of the PGC. 72
Defining the Content of Agency Rights. 75
Resolving Conflicts of Rights Under the PGC. 77
Direct and Indirect Applications of the PGC. 79
Consent and the PGC. 82
An Evaluation of the PGC Against Two Alternative
Rationalist Ethical Theories. 84
JohnRawls. 84
David Gauthier. 87
Summary. 90
4 Proportionality, Precaution and Judgments
of Competence. 93
The Principle of Proportionality. 94
Precautionary Reasoning. 97
Ostensible Agents. 98
Apparent Partial Agents. 99
Ostensible Intermittent Agents. 100
Evidence of Agency and Duties of Protection. 101
The Criterion of Avoidance of More Probable Harm. 103
Degrees of Displaying GCAb and Its Relationship
with Task and Decisional Competences. 105
Ostensible Agents. 105
Ostensible Intermittent Agents. 106
Ostensible Intermittent Agents Who are Close to Having
the Capacities Needed to Be an Agent
in a Standing Fashion. 107
Ostensible Intermittent Agents Who are Less Close
to Having the Capacities Needed to Be an Agent
in a Standing Fashion. 108
Apparent Partial Agents. 109
Summary. 109
5 The Competences of Cognitively Vulnerable Groups. 111
Older Children and Adolescents. 112
Adults with Intellectual Disabilities. 115
Adults with Depression. 120
Adults with Schizophrenia. 124
Adults with Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias. 129
Summary. 135
6 Cognitive Vulnerability and Consent
to Biomedical Research. 139
Decisional Competence and Supported Decision-Making. 140
Older Children and Adolescents. 143
Adults with Intellectual Disabilities. 147
Adults with Depression. 149
Adults with Schizophrenia. 153
Adults with Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias. 158
Summary. 163
7 Cognitive Vulnerability and Consent
to Biomedical Research in England and Wales. 167
Three Approaches to Determining FPCLC. 168
The Meaning of FPCLC Consent in England and Wales. 169
Adults. 170
Children. 175
Problems Surrounding the Use of Capacity. 178
Towards Supported Decision-Making?. 180
The Significance of European Regulation of Capacity. 181
Ethical Guidance on Decisional Competence
in Biomedical Research in the UK. 184
Summary. 188
8 Cognitive Vulnerability and Consent to Biomedical
Research in the United States. 189
The Meaning of Competence and Capacity
in the United States. 189
FederalLaw. 190
State Law. 194
Policy Documents on Decisional Competence. 201
President's Commission: Making Health Care
Decisions (1982). 201
Expert Panel Report to the National Institutes of Health:
Research Involving Individuais with Questionable
Capacity to Consent (1997). 203
National Bioethics Advisory Commission: Research Involving
Persons with Mental Disorders That May Affect Decisionmaking
Capacity (1998). 205
NIH Policy and Guidelines on the Inclusion
of Children as Participants in Research Involving
Human Subjects (1998). 206
Summary. 207
Conclusion. 209
References. 213 |
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| spelling | Bielby, Philip Verfasser (DE-588)136587674 aut Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research Philip Bielby 1. Ed. Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2008 VIII, 200 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier International Library of ethics, law, and the new medicine 40 Biomedizin (DE-588)4647152-2 gnd rswk-swf Biomedizin (DE-588)4647152-2 s DE-604 International Library of ethics, law, and the new medicine 40 (DE-604)BV013392286 40 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016775414&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| subject_GND | (DE-588)4647152-2 |
| title | Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research |
| title_auth | Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research |
| title_exact_search | Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research |
| title_full | Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research Philip Bielby |
| title_fullStr | Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research Philip Bielby |
| title_full_unstemmed | Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research Philip Bielby |
| title_short | Competence and vulnerability in biomedical research |
| title_sort | competence and vulnerability in biomedical research |
| topic | Biomedizin (DE-588)4647152-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biomedizin |
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