Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton [u.a.]
CRC Press
2009
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 212 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781420073744 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Afanasʹev, Igorʹ B. |d 1935- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)138937516 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals |c Igor B. Afanas'ev |
| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton [u.a.] |b CRC Press |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a XVI, 212 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Active oxygen in the body | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nitrogen in the body | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cellular signal transduction | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020406973&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804143043028189184 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals
Autor: Afanasʹev, Igor B.
Jahr: 2009
Contents
Preface ix
Author xi
List of Abbreviations xiii
Chapter 1 Introduction: Free Radical Damage versus Free Radical Signaling.... 1
Chapter 2 Free Radical Signaling in Reactions Catalyzed by Enzymes—
Producers of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species 5
2.1 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Signaling in Reactions
Catalyzed by Xanthine Oxidase 5
2.1.1 Mechanism of Catalytic Activity of Xanthine
Oxidase 5
2.1.2 Inhibitors and Activators of Xanthine Oxidase 6
2.1.3 Signaling Processes Catalyzed by Xanthine i
Oxidase 7 j
2.1.4 Enhancement of ROS Production by XO in
Pathological States 8
2.2 ROS Signaling by Phagocyte and Nonphagocyte NADPH
Oxidases 9
2.2.1 Phagocyte NADPH Oxidase 9
2.2.2 Signaling Processes in Activation of Phagocyte
NADPH Oxidase 10
2.2.3 Signaling Processes Catalyzed by Phagocyte
NADPH Oxidase 14
2.2.4 Nonphagocyte NADPH Oxidase 14
2.2.5 Localization and Mechanisms of Activation of
Nonphagocyte NADPH Oxidase 16 j
2.2.6 Activators and Inhibitors of Endothelial NADPH j
Oxidase 17 :
2.2.7 Signaling Mechanisms of Activation and
Catalytic Activity of Endothelial NADPH Oxidase .... 18
2.2.8 Cyclical Generation of Superoxide in Signaling
Processes Catalyzed by Endothel ial Nox 21
2.2.9 Nonphagocyte Nox in Pathological States 22
2.2.10 Cross Talk between ROS-Producing Enzymes 25
2.3 ROS Signaling in Reactions Catalyzed by Nitric Oxide
Synthases 25
2.3.1 Mechanisms of Catalysis by NO Synthases 26
2.3.2 Activators and Inhibitors of NO Synthases 29
v
vi Contents
2.3.3 Signaling Mechanisms of Activation of
NOSynthases 30
2.3.4 Signaling Processes Catalyzed by NO Synthases 33
2.3.5 Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species by
NO Synthases in Pathophysiological Processes 36
References 38
Chapter 3 Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Signaling in Mitochondria... 55
3.1 ROS Signaling in Mitochondria 55
3.1.1 Mechanisms of Superoxide Production by
Mitochondria 55
3.1.2 Comparison of Complex I and Complex III as
Producers of Superoxide in Mitochondria 59
3.1.3 Stimulation and Inhibition of ROS Production in
Mitochondria 60
3.1.4 Uncoupled Proteins in Mitochondrial Electron
Transport 62
3.1.5 Mitochondrial ROS Signaling in Pathological
States 63
3.1.6 Mitochondrial ROS Signaling under
Physiological Conditions 66
3.2 Signaling Functions of Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite in
Mitochondria 68
3.2.1 Inhibition of COX and Dioxygen Consumption
by Nitric Oxide in Mitochondria 70
References 71
Chapter 4 ROS and RNS Signaling in Catalysis of Heterolytic Reactions by
Kinases, Phosphatases, and Other Enzymes 81
4.1 Protein Kinases 81
4.1.1 Protein Kinase C 81
4.1.2 Protein Kinase Akt/Protein Kinase B 85
4.1.3 MAP Kinase 87
4.1.3.1 Extracellular Signal-Regulated
Kinases ERK1/2 87
4.1.3.2 p38 Kinase 96
4.1.3.3 c-Jun N-Terminal Kinases (JNKs),
Also Called Stress-Activated Protein
Kinases (SAPKs) 100
4.1.4 cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, I and II
(PKAI and PKAII) 103
4.1.5 AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) 103
4.1.6 Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK) 104
4.1.7 Janus Kinase (JAK) 105
4.1.8 Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 (ASK1) 105
Contents vii
4.2 Phospholipases 106
4.3 GTPases 106
4.4 Phosphatases 108
4.5 The Other Enzymes 110
4.5.1 Glutathione Transferase, Soluble Guanylate
Cyclase 110
4.5.2 Tryptophan Hydroxylase Ill
4.5.3 Aldose Reductase Ill
4.5.4 Metalloproteinases (MMPs) HI
4.5.5 Endothelin Converting Enzyme 112
References 112
Chapter 5 ROS and RNS Signaling in Apoptosis 129
5.1 Stimulation and Inhibition of ROS-Induced Apoptosis 129
5.2 Mitochondrial ROS as Apoptosis Initiators 134
5.3 Mechanism of Superoxide Signaling in Apoptosis 135
5.4 Enzymatic Apoptotic Cascades Mediated by ROS 138
5.5 RNS in Apoptosis 146
References 149
Chapter 6 ROS and RNS Signaling in Senescence and Aging 159
6.1 Free Radicals in Aged Cells, Tissues, and Whole Organisms... 160
6.1.1 Enhancement of ROS Production in
Mitochondria, Cells, and Tissue with Age 160
6.1.2 Antioxidant Enzymes CuZnSOD and MnSOD in
Aging and Senescence 162
6.1.3 SOD Activities in Aged Humans 163
6.1.4 ROS Signaling in Cellular Aging and Senescence ... 164
6.1.5 RNS in Cellular Aging 167
6.1.6 Cyclooxygenase-Catalyzed Free Radical
Overproduction in Age 168
6.1.7 Gene Regulation of Free Radical Formation in Age ... 169
6.1.8 Free Radical-Mediated Apoptosis in Age 170
6.2 Mechanisms of Free Radical-Mediated Damage in
Aging and Senescence 171
6.2.1 ROS Signaling and DNA Damage in Senescence
and Aging 171
6.2.2 Mitochondrial DNA Damage and NO/O2
Competition for Cytochrome c Oxidase as
Origins of Senescence and Aging 172
6.2.3 What Are the Primary Causes of Aging and
Senescence? 174
viii Contents
6.3 Antioxidant Treatment against Aging and Senescence:
Possibility of Enlargement of Life Span 175
6.3.1 Comments on Long-Living Animals 175
6.3.2 Calorie Restriction 175
6.3.3 Antioxidants 176
6.3.3.1 Vitamins E and C 176
6.3.3.2 a-Lipoic Acid, Ubiquinones,
Metallothioneins, andCarnitine 177
6.3.3.3 (-)Deprenyl (Selegiline) 177
6.3.3.4 Antioxidant Enzymes and Their
Mimetics 178
References 179
Chapter 7 Mechanisms of ROS and RNS Signaling in Enzymatic Catalysis.... 189
7.1 Major Reactive Signaling Molecules: O2. , H2O2, NO,
ONOO 189
7.2 ROS and RNS Signaling by Reactions with the
Sulfhydryl Groups of Enzymes 193
7.3 Mechanism of ROS Signaling during Inactivation of
Phosphatases 194
7.4 Mechanisms of ROS Signaling in Reactions Catalyzed
by Protein Kinases 195
7.5 Chain Mechanism of Superoxide Signaling 197
7.6 Nucleophilic Mechanism of Superoxide Signaling in
GTPase-Catalyzed Reactions 197
References 198
Index 203
|
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| author | Afanasʹev, Igorʹ B. 1935- |
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| isbn | 9781420073744 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Afanasʹev, Igorʹ B. 1935- Verfasser (DE-588)138937516 aut Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals Igor B. Afanas'ev Boca Raton [u.a.] CRC Press 2009 XVI, 212 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Active oxygen in the body Nitrogen in the body Cellular signal transduction HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020406973&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Afanasʹev, Igorʹ B. 1935- Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals Active oxygen in the body Nitrogen in the body Cellular signal transduction |
| title | Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals |
| title_auth | Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals |
| title_exact_search | Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals |
| title_full | Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals Igor B. Afanas'ev |
| title_fullStr | Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals Igor B. Afanas'ev |
| title_full_unstemmed | Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals Igor B. Afanas'ev |
| title_short | Signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals |
| title_sort | signaling mechanisms of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals |
| topic | Active oxygen in the body Nitrogen in the body Cellular signal transduction |
| topic_facet | Active oxygen in the body Nitrogen in the body Cellular signal transduction |
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