Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis:
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Format: | Abschlussarbeit Mikrofilm Buch |
Sprache: | English |
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Köln
2016
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Beschreibung: | 2 Mikrofiches (XII, 97 Seiten) Diagramme |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | Titel: Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis
Autor: Ackermann, Leena
Jahr: 2016
Table of contents
Abbreviations...............................................................................................................VIII
List of tables...................................................................................................................XI
List of figures................................................................................................................XII
1. Introduction.........................................................................................................1
1.1 The ubiquitin conjugation system and its role in regulation of cellular
processes................................................................................................2
1.1.1 Different groups of E3 ubiquitin ligases carry out substrate
ubiquitylation..................................................................................4
1.1.2 Ubiquitin ligases of the UFD pathway.............................................4
1.1.2.1 E3 ligases HECD-1 and EEL-1...........................................................5
1.1.2.2 E4 ligase UFD-2.................................................................................5
1.1.3 DUBs..............................................................................................6
1.1.4 CDC-48 - the master regulator in the ubiquitylation pathway........7
1.1.5 Ubiquitin chain editing....................................................................9
1.1.6 Proteasomal degradation...............................................................9
1.2 DNA damage response.........................................................................10
1.2.1 DNA double strand breaks...........................................................11
1.2.1.1 NHEJ................................................................................................11
1.2.1.2 Homologous recombination..............................................................12
1.2.2 Global response following DNA damage......................................14
1.2.3 Ubiquitin in homologous recombination........................................15
1.2.4 DNA damage response in C. elegans..........................................16
1.3 Apoptosis...............................................................................................17
1.3.1 Ubiquitin-dependent apoptosis regulation....................................17
1.3.2 Apoptosis in C. elegans................................................................18
1.4 Communication between DNA damage repair and apoptosis...............19
1.5 Aims of this study..................................................................................20
2. Results...............................................................................................................21
2.1 UFD-2 acts specifically in DNA damage induced apoptosis..................22
2.2 Apoptosis activation via CEP-1 is normal upon loss of ufd-2................24
2.3 UFD-2 foci are dependent on CEP-1 signalling.....................................24
2.4 UFD-2 is required for completion of DNA damage repair......................26
2.5 Active DNA repair is required for UFD-2 foci formation.........................29
2.6 Catalytic activity of UFD-2 is required for DNA damage repair and
damage induced apoptosis....................................................................30
2.7 UFD-2 defines hubs harbouring components of the proteolytic system 32
2.7.1 UFD-2 foci accumulate within nucleoli..........................................32
2.7.2 Ubiquitin accumulates in UFD-2 hubs..........................................33
2.7.3 CDC-48 accumulates in ubiquitylation hubs.................................33
2.8 CDC-48 in DNA repair and apoptosis....................................................34
2.8.1 UFD-2 interaction with the ubiquitin-directed segregase CDC-48
is required for DNA damage induced apoptosis..........................34
2.8.2 CDC-48 in DNA repair..................................................................35
2.9 The E3 ligase HECD-1 is required for UFD-2 foci formation.................36
2.10 Degradation hubs include DNA repair proteins.....................................37
2.11 Identification of accessory factors contributing to DNA damage
response...............................................................................................38
2.11.1 RNAi screen to identify DUBs that genetically interact with
UFD-2.........................................................................................38
2.11.2 Selected candidates...................................................................39
2.11.2.1 ubh-2 and ubh-3.............................................................................39
2.11.2.2 atx-3................................................................................................40
2.12 DNA associated RAD-51 inhibits apoptosis execution..........................42
3. Discussion.........................................................................................................45
3.1 Identification of UFD-2 as an essential player in DSB response...........46
3.2 UFD-2 defines ubiquitylation hubs after DSB formation........................47
3.3 Functional relevance of UFD-2-defined degradation hubs for efficient
DSB repair.............................................................................................48
3.4 UFD-2 connects efficient DSB repair to apoptosis commitment............50
3.5 Putative role of UFD-2 in the apoptotic signalling cascade...................51
3.6 Coordination of DSB repair and apoptosis signalling via UFD-2...........52
3.7 RAD-51 filaments as determinant of repair vs. apoptosis.....................53
4. Methods..............................................................................................................56
4.1 Resources and software........................................................................57
4.1.1 Consumables, reagents, and instruments....................................57
4.1.2 Software, databases, and resources............................................57
4.1.3 Antibodies.....................................................................................58
4.2 Microbiology..........................................................................................59
4.2.1 Solutions and media.....................................................................59
4.2.2 Antibiotics.....................................................................................60
4.2.3 Bacterial strains............................................................................60
4.2.4 Cultivation of bacteria...................................................................60
4.2.5 Manufacturing of chemo-competent E. coli..................................60
4.2.6 Transformation of chemo-competent E. coli.................................61
4.3 Molecular Biology..................................................................................61
4.3.1 Solutions.......................................................................................61
4.3.3 Primer...........................................................................................61
4.3.4 Isolation of plasmid DNA from bacteria........................................62
4.3.5 Agarose Gel electrophoresis........................................................62
4.3.6 Polymerase Chain reaction (PGR)...............................................63
4.4 Caenorhabditis elegans specific methods.............................................63
4.4.1 Solutions and media.....................................................................63
4.4.2 C. elegans strains.........................................................................65
4.4.3 Synchronization of worm cultures.................................................66
4.4.4 Growing worms in liquid cultures..................................................67
4.4.5 Single worm lysis for genotyping..................................................67
4.4.6 RNAi treatment.............................................................................67
4.4.7 RNA isolation and real-time PCR.................................................67
4.4.8 Ionizing radiation..........................................................................68
4.4.9 Apoptosis assay...........................................................................68
4.4.10 Immunotechniques.....................................................................68
4.4.11 UFD-2 foci..................................................................................69
4.4.12 Persistence of RAO-SI foci after IR............................................69
4.4.13 Embryonic Survival.....................................................................69
4.4.14 B02 treatment.............................................................................69
4.4.15 Mitotic germ cell cycle arrest upon IR.........................................69
4.5 Microscopy and image acquisition.........................................................70
4.6 Statistical analysis.................................................................................70
References..................................................................................................................71
Appendix.....................................................................................................................92
Appendix A: Evaluation of RNAi screen................................................92
Appendix B: Table with selected candidates.........................................92
Danksagung................................................................................................................95
Curriculum vitae.........................................................................................................96
Erklarung.....................................................................................................................97
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spelling | Ackermann, Leena 1986- Verfasser (DE-588)1122232446 aut Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis vorgelegt von Leena Ackermann Köln 2016 2 Mikrofiches (XII, 97 Seiten) Diagramme txt rdacontent h rdamedia he rdacarrier 24x Dissertation Universität zu Köln 2016 (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content B:DE-101 application/pdf http://d-nb.info/1128236788/04 Inhaltsverzeichnis HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029669405&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Ackermann, Leena 1986- Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4113937-9 |
title | Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis |
title_auth | Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis |
title_exact_search | Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis |
title_full | Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis vorgelegt von Leena Ackermann |
title_fullStr | Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis vorgelegt von Leena Ackermann |
title_full_unstemmed | Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis vorgelegt von Leena Ackermann |
title_short | Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of DNA repair and apoptosis |
title_sort | ubiquitin dependent regulation of dna repair and apoptosis |
topic_facet | Hochschulschrift |
url | http://d-nb.info/1128236788/04 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029669405&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ackermannleena ubiquitindependentregulationofdnarepairandapoptosis |
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